Genzyme Corp. v. Dr. Reddy’s Labs., Ltd.

Case Name:  Genzyme Corp. v. Dr. Reddy’s Labs., Ltd., No. 16-2206, -2207, 2017 U.S. Fed. Appx. LEXIS 25454 (Fed. Cir. Dec. 18, 2017) (Circuit Judges Moore, Plager, and Chen presiding; Opinion by Chen, J.) (Appeal from D. Del., Sleet, J.) 

Drug Product and Patent(s)-in-Suit: Mozobil® (plerixafor); U.S. Patent No. 7,897,590 (“the ’590 patent”)

Nature of the Case and Issue(s) Presented:  Genzyme developed a method for mobilizing and harvesting stem cells by sequentially administering two drug products. Specifically, the ’590 patent made use of a regimen comprising a combination of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and plerixafor to increase the number of stem cells in the blood for collection. Following a four-day bench trial, DRL filed a motion under Fed. R. Civ. P. 52(c) for a judgment on partial findings on its affirmative defense and counterclaim asserting invalidity of claim 19 of the ’590 patent. The district court found claim 19 not invalid as obvious and entered a final judgment enjoining DRL from commercially manufacturing, using, offering for sale, selling, or importing its generic products. DRL timely appealed, and the Federal Circuit affirmed.

Why Genzyme Prevailed:  As part of its obviousness challenge, DRL relied on three prior-art references: (i) Hendrix; (ii) WO ’814; and (iii) the ’304 patent, and combinations thereof. The district court, however, found that Hendrix was not analogous art. In particular, whereas Hendrix focused on HIV treatment, the ’590 patent focused on mobilizing stem cells for subsequent harvest and transplantation. But even if Hendrix were deemed analogous art, the district court found that Hendrix would not have rendered claim 19 obvious. The district court found that a skilled artisan would not have had a reasonable expectation of success that plerixafor would mobilize stem cells, and the Federal Circuit agreed that DRL has not shown that this determination was clearly erroneous. Although Hendrix hypothesized in an isolated sentence, without explanation, that plerixafor may cause stem-cell mobilization, the rest of the seven-page article focused on the elevation of white-blood-cell counts. The Federal Circuit also found that the district court’s finding that stem-cell mobilization was highly unpredictable at the time of the invention ran counter to an expectation of success.

As with Hendrix, the Federal Circuit found that WO ’814 did not disclose information about using plerixafor to mobilize stem cells, but instead revealed the relationship between plerixafor and white-blood-cell elevation. The Federal Circuit also found that the record included ample evidence showing that an increased white-blood-cell count did not necessarily correlate with stem-cell mobilization, and that, ultimately, the deficiencies regarding Hendrix also undercut the combination of WO ’814 and the ’304 patent. “It is also significant that a gap exists between using plerixafor to enhance WBC [white-blood-cell] counts and for stem cell mobilization.”